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1 укладання комерційної угоди
Українсько-англійський юридичний словник > укладання комерційної угоди
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2 заключение договора
1) General subject: a conclusion of a treaty, conclusion of a treaty2) Engineering: conclusion of a contract, contracting, contraction3) Law: awarding a contract, celebration of a contract, celebration of contract, effecting a contract, making contract, making of contract, execution of an agreement (это никоим образом не выполнение договора/соглашения (т.е. исполнение обязательств по договору)), entry into an agreement4) Economy: conclusion of an agreement5) Accounting: formation of contract6) Diplomatic term: formation of a contract7) Oil: covenanting8) Patents: execution of contract9) Business: execution of the contractУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > заключение договора
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3 заключение контракта
1) General subject: contract award (государственным ведомством с частным предприятием)2) Military: award of contract3) Engineering: contraction5) Economy: contract award (государственным ведомством с частной компанией), formation of a contract, contracting7) Makarov: contract award (гос. ведомством с частным предприятием)8) Logistics: award of a contract, awarding a contractУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > заключение контракта
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4 совершение договора
2) leg.N.P. completion of a contract, drawing a contract, formation of a contractУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > совершение договора
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5 avtaleinngåelse
subst. contract formation, formation of a contract -
6 Zustandekommen (n) eines Vertrages
< Recht> formation of a contractBusiness german-english dictionary > Zustandekommen (n) eines Vertrages
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7 kontraktinngåelse
subst. (jus) formation of a contract -
8 kontraktslutning
subst. formation of a contract -
9 Zustandekommen eines Vertrages
Business german-english dictionary > Zustandekommen eines Vertrages
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10 fletamento con operación por cuenta del arrendador
• contract of affreightment• gross capital formation• gross charter• gross commentDiccionario Técnico Español-Inglés > fletamento con operación por cuenta del arrendador
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11 contrat
contrat [kɔ̃tʀa]masculine noun( = convention, document) contract ; ( = accord) agreement► contrat emploi-solidarité government-sponsored work contract for the unemployed which includes professional training► contrat de location (pour locaux) tenancy agreement (Brit), rental agreement (US) ; (pour voiture) rental agreement* * *kɔ̃tʀanom masculin ( accord) contract, agreement; Droit ( document) contract; fig ( pacte) arrangement, understandingremplir son contrat — to fulfil [BrE] one's pledge
Phrasal Verbs:* * *kɔ̃tʀa nm1) (juridique, commercial) contract2) fig (= pacte) agreement* * *contrat nm ( accord) contract, agreement (entre between; avec with); Jur ( document) contract; fig ( pacte) arrangement, understanding; passer un contrat avec qn Jur to enter into a contract with sb; fig to come to an arrangement with sb; signer/rompre un contrat to sign/break a contract; décrocher un gros contrat to land a large contract; le contrat prévoit… the contract provides for…; sous contrat avec under contract to; s'engager par contrat à faire qch to contract to do sth; réaliser or remplir son contrat ( au bridge) to make one's contract; fig to fulfilGB one's pledge.contrat d'assurance contract of insurance; contrat collectif collective agreement; contrat à durée déterminée, CDD fixed-term contract; contrat à durée indéterminée, CDI permanent contract; contrat emploi solidarité, CES part-time work for the young unemployed; contrat initiative emploi recruitment incentive; contrat de licence licensing agreement; contrat de location hire contract GB, rental contract; ( pour des locaux) tenancy agreement; contrat de maintenance service contract; contrat de mariage marriage contract ou settlement; contrat de prestation de services contract of services; contrat social social contract; contrat de société deed of partnership; contrat de travail contract of employment; contrat de vente sale contract.ⓘ Contrat emploi solidarité Part-time contract of employment for young people, based on a fixed-term contract and paying rates below the minimum wage level of the SMIC. Created to help the educationally disadvantaged and those without any formal qualifications, these state-sponsored jobs are reserved for those on very low incomes and are designed to allow them to pursue further education in addition to their part-time working hours.ⓘ Contrat initiative emploi A government cash incentive to employers to take on new workers as a measure to reduce unemployment.[kɔ̃tra] nom masculin1. [acte, convention] contractcontrat à durée déterminée/indéterminée fixed-term/permanent contracta. [emploi] work placement (for an unemployed person)contrat verbal verbal contract ou undertakingb. (figuré) [s'exécuter] to keep one's promise3. PHILOSOPHIE4. (argot milieu) [de tueur] contract -
12 договор
сущ.agreement; contract; covenant; ( международный) treatyаннулировать (расторгать) договор — to abrogate (annul, cancel, rescind) an agreement; dissolve (repudiate) a contract; terminate a treaty
заключать (совершать) договор — to conclude (effect, enter into, make, negotiate) a contract (a treaty); ( о договоре страхования) to effect a policy
исполнять договор — to execute (perform) a contract (a treaty); ( o договоре за печатью) to execute under a seal
лишать договор (законной) силы — to invalidate (vitiate, void) a treaty; render a treaty invalid (null and void)
нарушать договор — to break (commit a breach of, transgress, violate) a treaty
прекращать своё участие в договоре — to cease (terminate) to be a party to a contract (to a treaty); withdraw from a treaty
придерживаться договора — to abide by (adhere to, observe) a treaty
соблюдать договор — to comply with (honour, observe) a treaty
выполнение (соблюдение) положений (условий) договора — execution (implementation, fulfilment, performance) of the terms (and conditions) of a contract; abidance by (adherence to, compliance with, fulfilment of, observance of) the provisions of a treaty
действие договора — effect of a contract; force of a treaty
исполнение договора — execution (performance) of a contract (of a treaty); ( о договоре в натуре) specific performance; ( в судебном порядке) enforcement of a contract
нарушение договора — breach of a contract; breach (transgression, violation) of a treaty; contractual delinquency
положения договора — provisions of a treaty; terms (and conditions) of a contract
прекращение (обязательств из) договора — discharge of a contract; termination of a treaty
расторжение договора — abrogation (annulment, cancellation, rescission, termination) of an agreement; dissolution (repudiation) of a contract; ( денонсация) denunciation of a treaty
с учётом положений договора — subject to the terms (and conditions) of a contract (to the provisions of a treaty)
уступка прав по договору — assignment (cession, transfer) of rights under a contract
договор, заключённый путём конклюдентных действий — ( молчаливых) tacit agreement (contract)
договор, запрещающий испытания ядерного оружия в атмосфере, космосе и под водой — treaty banning nuclear weapons tests in the atmosphere, in outer space and under water
договор об найме, договор имущественном найме — contract of lease; lease
договор о выдаче преступников, договор о об экстрадиции — treaty of extradition
договор о создании юридического лица (с иностранным участием) — contract for the formation of a legal entity (with foreign interest)
- договор арендыдоговор с международной неправительственной организацией — contract (concluded) with an international non-governmental organization
- договор банковского счёта
- договор в пользу третьего лица
- договор займа
- договор дарения
- договор за печатью
- договор имущественного страхования
- договор купли-продажи
- договор найма
- договор об арбитраже
- договор о безвозмездном пользовании
- договор об установлении границ
- договор о взаимной безопасности
- договор о взаимной обороне
- договор о взаимопомощи
- договор о воздушной перевозке грузов
- договор о дружбе
- договор о залоге
- договор о личном страховании
- договор о морской перевозке грузов
- договор о нейтралитете
- договор о ненападении
- договор о патентах
- договор о перевозке
- договор о поставках
- договор о товарообмене
- договор о торговле и мореплавании
- договор о фрахтовании судна
- договор о цессии
- договор-пари
- договор, подлежащий исполнению
- договор подряда
- договор по решению суда
- договор поручения
- договор поручительства
- договор поставки
- договор присоединения
- договор продажи
- договор продажи и доставки
- договор с адвокатом
- договор складского хранения
- договор смешанного типа
- договор страхования
- договор с третьей стороной
- договор субаренды
- договор с участием потребителя
- договор франшизы
- договор энергоснабжения
- агентский договор
- безвозмездный договор
- бессрочный договор
- брачный договор
- гарантийный договор
- двусторонний договор
- действительный договор
- закрытый договор
- исполненный договор
- коллективный договор
- кредитный договор
- лицензионный договор
- международный договор
- мирный договор
- многосторонний договор
- монопольный договор
- недействительный договор
- неравноправный договор
- обязывающий договор
- основополагающий договор
- открытый договор
- подразумеваемый договор
- потребительский договор
- правообразующий договор
- предварительный договор
- простой договор
- противоправный договор
- публичный договор
- равноправный договор
- союзный договор
- срочный договор
- специальный договор
- субагентский договор
- торговый договор
- трудовой договор
- универсальный договор
- устный договор
- учредительный договор -
13 Vertragsabschluss
Vertragsabschluss m RECHT conclusion of contract* * *Vertragsabschluss
formation of a (closing of) contract, conclusion of (entering into) an agreement, (Bausparkasse, Versicherung) business portfolio;
• gültig nur bei Vertragsabschluss subject to contract;
• zur Zeit des Vertragsabschlusses at the time of making the contract;
• fahrlässiger Vertragsabschluss negligence in contract;
• nicht zustande gekommener Vertragsabschluss loss of contract;
• Vertragsabschluss im Fernabsatz contract negotiated at a distance;
• Vertragsabschluss erzielen to land a contract;
• Missverständnisse beim Vertragsabschluss haben to enter a contract under a misapprehension. -
14 договор
1) (между государствами) treaty, pact, convention; accord амер.аннулировать договор — to abrogate / to cancel / to rescind / to repudiate a treaty
вступить в переговоры с целью адаптации договора к новым условиям — to negotiate the adaptation of a treaty to new conditions
выполнять договор — to implement / to observe / to abide by a treaty
завершить / закончить работу по составлению договора — to complete / to consummate a treaty
заключить договор — to conclude / to effect / to make / to enter into / to sign a treaty
заключить договор на ограниченный период времени — to conclude a treaty for a limited period of time
зарегистрировать / регистрировать договор — to register a treaty
зарегистрировать договор в Секретариате Организации Объединённых Наций — to register the treaty with the Secretariat of the United Nations
навязать кабальный / неравноправный договор — to impose an enslaving / inequal treaty (on, upon)
нарушить договор — to transgress / to violate a treaty; to break / to infringe a contract
представить договор для одобрения / утверждения — to submit a treaty for approval
придавать обязывающую силу договору, сделать договор обязывающим — to impart the binding force to a treaty, to make a treaty binding
признать договор недействительным — to declare a treaty invalid / null / void
присоединиться к договору (уже вступившему в силу) — to accede to / to join / to adhere to a treaty, to become a party to a treaty
пролонгировать договор, продлить действие договора — to prolong a treaty
ратифицировать договор — to confirm / to ratify a treaty
договор не может быть ратифицирован лишь в какой-л. части — the treaty cannot be ratified in part
договоры несовместимы друг с другом — the treaties are inconsistent with each other; договор остаётся в действии / в силе the treaty continues in operation
договор предусматривает, что... — the treaty stipulates that..
договор, срок которого истёк — the treaty which has expired
бессрочный договор — treaty for an indefinite term, permanent / undated treaty
военный договор — military agreement / treaty
гарантийный договор — contract of indemnity, guarantee treaty, treaty of guarantee
дружественный договор между отдельными лицами / партиями / правительствами — concordat
локальный / локализованный договор — localized treaty
мирный договор — peace treaty, treaty of peace
многосторонний договор о контроле над вооружением и разоружении — multilateral treaty on arms control and disarmament
многосторонний сбалансированный и полностью контролируемый договор — multilateral balanced and fully verified treaty
неравноправный договор — inequitable / unequal treaty
открытый договор, договор, открытый для подписания — open treaty
равноправный договор — equitable / nondiscriminatory treaty
ранее существовавший договор — former / pre-existing treaty
секретный / тайный договор — secret covenant / treaty
союзный договор — treaty of alliance / union
торговый договор — trade / commercial treaty
трёхсторонний договор — triangular / trilateral / tripartite treaty
устный договор — parol / oral treaty
аннулирование договора — abrogation / cancellation of a treaty
в соответствии с буквой и духом договора — in accordance / on compliance with the letter and spirit of the treaty
вступление договора в силу — entry into force of a treaty, coming of a treaty into force
выполнение договора — execution / fulfilment / implementation of a treaty
добросовестное выполнение договора — fulfilment / implementation of a treaty in good faith
обеспечить полное выполнение всех положений и пониманий договора — to achieve the full implementation of all the provisions and understandings of the treaty
проверять выполнение договора — to check up on one's compliance with the treaty, to review the operation of the treaty
проверка выполнения договора — verification / review of a treaty
средства, обеспечивающие выполнение договора — means to secure the performance of a treaty
выход из договора — pull-out / withdrawal from a treaty
выход из договора / отказ от договора с уведомлением — withdrawal from a treaty with notice
действие договора — effect / operation of a treaty
прекратить действие договора — to terminate (the operation of) a treaty, to bring a treaty to an end
прекращение действия договора с согласия участников — termination of a treaty by consent of the parties
прекращение действия договора (вследствие истечения его срока или в результате возникновения определённого оговорённого условия) — expiration of a treaty
продлить срок действия договора — to prolong the time of operation of a treaty, to extend a treaty
основание для оспаривания действительности договора — ground for impeaching the validity of a treaty
денонсация / денонсирование договора — denunciation of a treaty
договоры государств-участников, заключённые до создания сообщества с третьими странами — pre-community treaties of member-states with third countries
договоры, заключённые до получения независимости — pre-independence treaties
договор, заключённый страной пребывания — treaty concluded by the country of residence
договор, запрещающий все испытания ядерного оружия — treaty banning all nuclear weapon tests
договор, который не предусматривает денонсации или отказа — the treaty which does not provide for denunciation or withdrawal
договор, не имеющий законной силы — invalid treaty
договор, не направленный против третьей стороны — nondiscriminatory treaty
договор, не требующий особых законодательных мероприятий — self-executing treaty
договор безопасности — security treaty / pact
"Д. о взаимном неприменении силы и поддержании отношений мира между государствами" — "Treaty on Mutual Non-Use of Force and Maintenance of Peaceful Relations among States"
договор о взаимопомощи — treaty of mutual assistance, mutual assistance pact
договор о всеобъемлющем запрещении испытаний ядерного оружия — comprehensive test ban treaty (CTB treaty)
договор о выдаче преступника — extradition treaty, treaty of extradition
договор о гарантиях — guarantee treaty, treaty of guarantee
договор о дружбе, добрососедстве и сотрудничестве — treaty of friendship, neigh-bourliness and cooperation
договор о дружбе, сотрудничестве и взаимопомощи — treaty of friendship, cooperation and mutual assistance
"Д. о запрещении испытаний ядерного оружия в атмосфере, в космическом пространстве и под водой" — "Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and Under Water"
договор о запрещении подземных испытаний ядерного оружия — treaty banning underground nuclear-weapon tests
договор о зоне, свободной от ядерного оружия — nuclear-weapon-free-zone treaty
договор о мире, дружбе и сотрудничестве — treaty of peace, friendship and cooperation
договор о нейтралитете — treaty of neutrality, neutrality treaty
договор о ненападении — nonaggression pact / treaty
договор о торговле и судоходстве / мореплавании — treaty of / on commerce and navigation
Договор об обычных вооружённых силах в Европе — Agreement on Conventional Forces in Europe, CFE
Договор об ограничении стратегических вооружений / ОСВ — Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty, SALT
договор, открытый для присоединения третьих государств — treaty opened to accession of third states
договор по противоракетной обороне, ПРО — Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABM treaty)
не выходить из договора по ПРО в течение согласованного времени — not to withdraw from the ABM treaty for a specified period of time
Договор по ракетам средней и меньшей дальности, РСМД — Treaty on the Elimination of Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles
договор, подлежащий выполнению в будущем — executory treaty
договор, предусматривающий аналогичные / равные / одинаковые привилегии — treaty providing for reciprocal privileges
договор, принятый в рамках международной организации — treaty adopted within an international organization
договор с внесённой / внесёнными в него поправкой / поправками — treaty as amended
договоры, устанавливающие свободу судоходства на международных водных путях или реках — treaties according freedom of navigation in international waterways or rivers
договор, устаревший в силу тех или иных событий — treaty outmoded by events
заключение договора — conclusion / formation of a treaty, treaty-making
исполнение договора — execution of a treaty / contract
нарушение договора — breach / infringement / violation of a treaty
грубое нарушение договора — gross / flagrant violation of a treaty
несоблюдение договора — noncompliance with / nonobservance of a treaty
быть несовместимым с объектом / целями договора — to be incompatible with the object and purpose of a treaty
обязательная сила / обязательность договоров — binding / obligatory force / obligation of treaties
отказ от договора — repudiation / renunciation of a treaty
полный свод договоров, заключённых страной пребывания — complete set of treaties concluded by the country of residence
поправка к договору — amendment to a treaty, amending clause
порядок / система размещения материала в договоре — arrangement of a treaty
продление / пролонгация договора — clause of a treaty
спорные пункты договора — controversial provisions of a treaty, contentious clauses in a treaty
стороны, подписавшие договор — parties to a treaty
сторона, связанная договором — party bound by a treaty
разработать текст договора — to draft / to frame the text of a treaty
расположение / структура текста договора — arrangement of the text of a treaty
условия договора — stipulations / terms of a treaty
контролировать выполнение условий договора — to supervise the observance of the treaty provisions / terms
со всеми вытекающими из договора правилами и обязанностями — with all the rights and duties arising from the treaty
2) (соглашение, контракт) agreement, contract, concord -
15 Vertragsabschluss
m1. completion of a contract2. conclusion of a contract3. contract formation4. signing of a contract -
16 оформление договора
2) Patents: execution of contract3) EBRD: contract executionУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > оформление договора
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17 Kartell
Kartell n 1. PERS cartel; 2. RECHT combine; 3. WIWI restrictive practices, cartel* * ** * *Kartell
cartel, industrial combine (monopoly), monopoly agreement (Br.), ring (Br.), trust (US), combination [in restraint of trade] (US);
• ausländisches Kartell foreign cartel;
• horizontales Kartell horizontal combine;
• internationales Kartell international cartel;
• Kartell der Linienfluggesellschaften scheduled carriers’ cartel;
• Kartell höherer Ordnung pool;
• sich einem Kartell anschließen to join a cartel;
• Kartell auflösen to break up a cartel, to split the structure of a cartel;
• einem Kartell beitreten to join a cartel;
• Kartell bilden to pool, to cartelize;
• Kartelle entflechten to decartelize;
• den Zwangsbestimmungen eines Kartells unterwerfen to cartelize;
• Kartell vergrößern to expand a cartel;
• zu einem Kartell zwingen (zusammenfassen) to cartelize;
• Kartellabkommen Kartellabkommen, Kartellabmachung, Kartellabspracherestrictive trading agreement (Br.), pooling agreement (contract) in restraint of trade (US), cartel agreement (negotiations);
• Kartellabmachung Kartellabkommen, Kartellabmachung, Kartellabspracherestrictive trading agreement (Br.), pooling agreement (contract) in restraint of trade (US), cartel agreement (negotiations);
• Kartellabsprache Kartellabkommen, Kartellabmachung, Kartellabspracherestrictive trading agreement (Br.), pooling agreement (contract) in restraint of trade (US), cartel agreement (negotiations);
• Kartellabteilung antitrust division (US);
• Kartellamt cartel office, Monopolies and Merger Commission (MCR) (Br.), Registrar of Restrictive Trade Practices (Br.), Registrar of Restrictive Trading Agreements (Br.), Federal Trade Commission (FTC) (US), Antitrust Division (US);
• Kartellamtsbehörde Office of Fair Trading (OFT);
• Kartellamtsbestimmungen verletzen to violate the antitrust statutes (US);
• Kartellamtsleiter director-general of fair trading (Br.);
• Kartellangelegenheit cartel matter;
• Kartellanhänger cartelist, (pl.) pro-cartel people;
• Kartellanteile cartel (pool) interests;
• Kartellantrag application for a cartel;
• Kartellanwalt antitrust lawyer (US);
• Kartellauffassungen ideas in respect of monopolies;
• Kartellauflösung cartel relinquishment;
• Kartellaufsicht supervision of cartels, cartel control;
• Kartellaufsichtsamt Monopolies and Mergers Commission (MMC) (Br.), monopoly commissioner (Br.);
• Kartellausschuss cartel bureau, Antitrust Committee (US);
• Kartellbehörde Antitrust Division (US), Registrar of Restrictive Trade Practices (Br.), Office for Fair Trading (Br.), cartel office (Br.);
• Kartellbeseitigung cartel relinquishment;
• Kartellbestimmungen cartel regulations, antitrust provisions (US);
• Kartellbestimmungen verletzen to violate the antitrust statutes (US);
• Kartellbeteiligung cartel participation;
• Kartellbeziehungen cartel relationship;
• Kartellbildung formation of cartels;
• Kartellbrecher trust buster (US sl.);
• Kartellbürokratie cartel bureaucracy;
• Kartellduldung tolerance of cartels;
• Kartellentflechtung cartel dispersal, decartelization;
• Kartellentflechtungsbehörde decartelization agency;
• Kartellerzeugnis cartelized product;
• Kartell experte, Kartellfachmann antitrust specialist (expert) (US). -
18 Контракт о городе-организаторе (КГО)
Контракт о городе-организаторе (КГО)
Письменное соглашение между МОК, городом-организатором и НОК, в котором подробно оговариваются возложенные на них обязательства по организации и проведению Игр. ОКОИ присоединяется к КГО с момента своего формирования.
[Департамент лингвистических услуг Оргкомитета «Сочи 2014». Глоссарий терминов]EN
Host City Contract (HCC)
The written agreement between the IOC, the Host City and the NOC, which specifies in detail the obligations incumbent upon them in relation to the Games organization and staging. The OCOG adjoins to HCC, as of its formation.
[Департамент лингвистических услуг Оргкомитета «Сочи 2014». Глоссарий терминов]Тематики
EN
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Контракт о городе-организаторе (КГО)
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19 terme
terme [tεʀm]1. masculine nouna. ( = mot) termb. ( = fin) [de vie, voyage, récit] end• prévisions à court/moyen/long terme short-term/medium-term/long-term forecasts ; (Meteorology) short-range/medium-range/long-range forecasts• ce sera rentable à court/moyen/long terme it will be profitable in the short/medium/long term• arriver à terme [délai, mandat, contrat] to expire ; [opération] to reach a conclusion ; [paiement] to fall due2. plural masculine noun* * *tɛʀm
1.
nom masculin1) ( mot) termle terme ‘quota’ désigne — the term ‘quota’ designates
c'est en ces termes que le ministre a décrit la situation — this was how the minister described the situation
2) ( fin) endarriver à terme — [plan] to come to its appointed end; [période, contrat] to expire
mener à terme — to see [something] through to completion [projet, opération]
naître à terme/avant terme — to be born at full term/before term
3) ( échéance)passé ce terme vous paierez des intérêts — after this date, you will pay interest
à moyen terme — [emprunt, stratégie] medium-term (épith)
4) Droit ( date de paiement du loyer) due date; ( période de location) rental period; ( montant de la location) rent5) Mathématique, Philosophie termtrouver un moyen terme — ( équilibre) to find a happy medium; ( compromis) to find a compromise
2.
termes nom masculin pluriel1) ( clauses) terms2) ( relations) terms3) ( dimension)* * *tɛʀm1. nm1) (= mot) termCette année a été bonne en termes de ventes. — It's been a good year for sales.
2) (au singulier: échéance) [bail, période] endà court terme (plan, processus) — short-term, [planifier] in the short term
à long terme (plan, processus) — long-term, [planifier] in the long term
à terme MÉDECINE (accouchement) — full-term, [accoucher] at term, (= tôt ou tard) sooner or later, eventually
avant terme (accouchement) — premature, [accoucher] prematurely
3) (= solution)2. termes nmpl[loi, accord, contrat] terms* * *A nm1 ( mot) term; terme technique/de droit/de médecine technical/legal/medical term; au sens premier du terme in the original sense of the word; le terme de quota désigne the word ou term ‘quota’ designates; en termes élogieux/injurieux in glowing/offensive terms; en d'autres termes in other words; dans tous les sens/toute la force du terme in every sense/the full sense of the word; selon les termes du ministre as the minister put it; pardonnez-moi le terme if you'll pardon the expression; la question se pose en ces termes: qui est responsable? the question is this: who is responsible?; c'est en ces termes que le ministre a décrit la situation this was how the minister described the situation; il a décrit les résultats en ces termes he described the results thus;2 ( fin) end; mettre un terme à qch to put an end to sth; au terme de at the end of; au terme de la réunion at the end of the meeting; toucher à son terme to come to an end; toucher au terme de ses souffrances to come to the end of one's sufferings; arriver à terme [plan, épargne] to come to its appointed end; [période, délai, contrat] to expire; mener qch à terme to see sth through to completion [projet, opération]; mener une grossesse à terme to carry a pregnancy (through) to full term; naître à/avant terme to be born at full/before term; accoucher avant terme to give birth prematurely; enfant né avant terme premature baby;3 ( échéance) passé ce terme vous paierez des intérêts after this date, you will pay interest; cela risque, à terme, de poser des problèmes this may, eventually, cause problems; à court/moyen /long terme [emprunt, problème, stratégie] short-/medium-/long-term ( épith); investissement à long terme long-term investment; à court/moyen/long terme c'est possible it is possible in the short/medium/long term; achat/vente à terme Fin forward buying/selling;4 Jur ( date de paiement du loyer) due date; ( période de location) rental period; ( montant de la location) rent; payer son terme to pay one's rent; le jour du terme approchait the day when the rent was due was drawing near;5 Math term; termes d'un polynôme/d'une fraction terms of a polynomial/of a fraction;6 Philos ( en logique) term; termes d'un syllogisme/d'une proposition terms of a syllogism/of a proposition; trouver un moyen terme ( équilibre) to find a happy medium (entre between); ( compromis) to find a compromise (entre between);B termes nmpl1 ( clauses) terms; les termes du contrat sont très clairs the terms of the contract are very clear; aux termes de l'article 3 in pursuance of article 3; accords aux termes desquels les deux pays s'engagent à faire agreements according to the terms of which both countries undertake to do; termes de l'échange terms of trade;2 ( relations) terms; être en bons/mauvais termes avec qn to be on good/bad terms with sb;3 ( dimension) en termes de in terms of; en termes de profit/formation/productivité in terms of profit/training/productivity; la question se pose aussi en termes financiers the issue is also a financial one.[tɛrm] nom masculinla restructuration doit aller jusqu'à son terme the restructuring must be carried through to its conclusionpassé ce terme, vous devrez payer des intérêts after that date, interest becomes due4. [échéance d'un loyer] date for payment of rent[montant du loyer] rent5. [date d'un accouchement]en termes simples in plain ou simple termspuis, elle s'exprima en ces termes then she said thisparler de quelqu'un en bons/mauvais termes to speak well/ill of somebodyterme de métier professional ou technical term————————termes nom masculin pluriel2. [relations] termsêtre en bons/mauvais termes avec quelqu'un to be on good/bad terms with somebody————————à court terme locution adjectivale[prêt, projet] short-term————————à court terme locution adverbialein the short term ou run————————à long terme locution adjectivale[prêt, projet] long-term————————à long terme locution adverbialein the long term ou run————————à terme locution adjectivale1. BANQUE2. BOURSEb. [change] futures market————————à terme locution adverbialea. [délai] to expireb. [travail] to reach completionc. [paiement] to fall dueconduire ou mener à terme une entreprise to bring an undertaking to a successful conclusion, to carry an undertaking through successfully4. FINANCEau terme de locution prépositionnelleparvenir au terme de son existence/aventure to reach the end of one's life/adventureaux termes de locution prépositionnelle[selon] under the terms ofaux termes de la loi/du traité under the terms of the law/of the treaty————————avant terme locution adverbiale -
20 Marconi, Marchese Guglielmo
[br]b. 25 April 1874 Bologna, Italyd. 20 July 1937 Rome, Italy[br]Italian radio pioneer whose inventiveness and business skills made radio communication a practical proposition.[br]Marconi was educated in physics at Leghorn and at Bologna University. An avid experimenter, he worked in his parents' attic and, almost certainly aware of the recent work of Hertz and others, soon improved the performance of coherers and spark-gap transmitters. He also discovered for himself the use of earthing and of elevated metal plates as aerials. In 1895 he succeeded in transmitting telegraphy over a distance of 2 km (1¼ miles), but the Italian Telegraph authority rejected his invention, so in 1896 he moved to England, where he filed the first of many patents. There he gained the support of the Chief Engineer of the Post Office, and by the following year he had achieved communication across the Bristol Channel.The British Post Office was also slow to take up his work, so in 1897 he formed the Wireless Telegraph \& Signal Company to work independently. In 1898 he sold some equipment to the British Army for use in the Boer War and established the first permanent radio link from the Isle of Wight to the mainland. In 1899 he achieved communication across the English Channel (a distance of more than 31 miles or 50 km), the construction of a wireless station at Spezia, Italy, and the equipping of two US ships to report progress in the America's Cup yacht race, a venture that led to the formation of the American Marconi Company. In 1900 he won a contract from the British Admiralty to sell equipment and to train operators. Realizing that his business would be much more successful if he could offer his customers a complete radio-communication service (known today as a "turnkey" deal), he floated a new company, the Marconi International Marine Communications Company, while the old company became the Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company.His greatest achievement occurred on 12 December 1901, when Morse telegraph signals from a transmitter at Poldhu in Cornwall were received at St John's, Newfoundland, a distance of some 2,100 miles (3,400 km), with the use of an aerial flown by a kite. As a result of this, Marconi's business prospered and he became internationally famous, receiving many honours for his endeavours, including the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1909. In 1904, radio was first used to provide a daily bulletin at sea, and in 1907 a transatlantic wireless telegraphy service was inaugurated. The rescue of 1,650 passengers from the shipwreck of SS Republic in 1909 was the first of many occasions when wireless was instrumental in saving lives at sea, most notable being those from the Titanic on its maiden voyage in April 1912; more lives would have been saved had there been sufficient lifeboats. Marconi was one of those who subsequently pressed for greater safety at sea. In 1910 he demonstrated the reception of long (8 km or 5 miles) waves from Ireland in Buenos Aires, but after the First World War he began to develop the use of short waves, which were more effectively reflected by the ionosphere. By 1918 the first link between England and Australia had been established, and in 1924 he was awarded a Post Office contract for short-wave communication between England and the various parts of the British Empire.With his achievements by then recognized by the Italian Government, in 1915 he was appointed Radio-Communications Adviser to the Italian armed forces, and in 1919 he was an Italian delegate to the Paris Peace Conference. From 1921 he lived on his yacht, the Elettra, and although he joined the Fascist Party in 1923, he later had reservations about Mussolini.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsNobel Prize for Physics (jointly with K.F. Braun) 1909. Russian Order of S t Anne. Commander of St Maurice and St Lazarus. Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown (i.e. Knight) of Italy 1902. Freedom of Rome 1903. Honorary DSc Oxford. Honorary LLD Glasgow. Chevalier of the Civil Order of Savoy 1905. Royal Society of Arts Albert Medal. Honorary knighthood (GCVO) 1914. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Medal of Honour 1920. Chairman, Royal Society of Arts 1924. Created Marquis (Marchese) 1929. Nominated to the Italian Senate 1929. President, Italian Academy 1930. Rector, University of St Andrews, Scotland, 1934.Bibliography1896, "Improvements in transmitting electrical impulses and in apparatus thereof", British patent no. 12,039.1 June 1898, British patent no. 12,326 (transformer or "jigger" resonant circuit).1901, British patent no. 7,777 (selective tuning).1904, British patent no. 763,772 ("four circuit" tuning arrangement).Further ReadingD.Marconi, 1962, My Father, Marconi.W.J.Baker, 1970, A History of the Marconi Company, London: Methuen.KFBiographical history of technology > Marconi, Marchese Guglielmo
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